Cotton Textile Industry Discusses "Cotton Industry Development Road Under New Pattern"

During the "13th Five-Year" period, agriculture should push forward the supply side reform for China's farmers. product Industry transformation and upgrading and structural adjustment bring significant opportunities. "Focus on the supply side reform of agricultural products" column, focusing on China's agricultural production, processing, marketing, brand and other industrial sectors, to explore the development direction of China's agricultural products industry in the new era.

Recently, from China cotton The 2016 China Cotton Industry Development Summit held by the association was held in Wuhan, Hubei. Cotton textile industry explored the development path of cotton industry under the new pattern.

This year is the third year of China's implementation of the cotton target price reform pilot policy. From the pilot point of view, cotton prices begin to return to the market, and the basic income of cotton farmers is guaranteed. Spin The cost of raw materials is decreasing, and the effect of reform is obvious. However, the high cost of cotton planting, overcapacity and inadequate supply of market are still urgently needed. China's cotton industry is urgent to make up for short quality and accelerate the integration of industrial chain.

　 "Soft rib" of domestic cotton

"Cotton planting area in China last year was the lowest in nearly 13 years, and it is also a relatively low level since the founding of new China." Gao Fang, executive vice president of China Cotton Association, told reporters. According to the data released by the National Bureau of statistics, in 2015, the cotton planting area in China was 56 million 980 thousand mu, 10% less than that in 2014, and the total output was 5 million 605 thousand tons, which was 9.3% lower than the same period last year. Despite the decrease in production, the stock of the reserve cotton reached its all-time highs. In 2015, the reserve cotton stock exceeded 11 million tons, accounting for almost half of the global stock.

The cost of cotton planting remains high. According to the national cotton market monitoring system, the total cost of cotton planting in the mainland was 1125 yuan per mu in 2015, and the total cost of cotton picking in Xinjiang was 2185 yuan per mu. "Cotton prices fall below the main melody." Gao Fang said that the high cost and low income of cotton planting and the enthusiasm of cotton growers were decreasing. "The cotton farmers' cotton planting area is reduced by 11.5% this year," the China Cotton Association's recent survey shows.

On the one hand, inventory is high and prices are falling. On the other hand, effective supply is insufficient. "Good cotton shortage, poor cotton accumulation." The quality of domestic cotton can not meet the market demand. For many years, it is a heart disease of downstream cotton textile enterprises. The quality of cotton in China is less than that of Australian cotton and American cotton with natural advantages. In recent two years, the quality of cotton has become more and more prominent. There are obvious differences between some key indicators and foreign high priced imported cotton, while domestic textile enterprises are facing transformation and upgrading, gradually changing from the production of low-end products to high-end products, the demand for high-quality cotton is increasing, and the contradiction between supply and demand is prominent.

　　 The main reason is the wrong production.

Cotton farmers do not sell cotton well, while textile enterprises are "less rice under the pot". The reason is that Gao Fang believes that, on the one hand, it is related to the total quantity of output that we have formed in the past shortage economy. Policy guidance has always advocated unit production to support the rapid development of the textile industry. The policy of storage in the past few years has also objectively led to the neglect of the cotton quality production pattern. "Under the existing conditions, the quality is high, the yield per unit area is low, the yield per unit area is high and the quality is high. The amount will be correspondingly low, so how can cotton farmers come to terms? If the market price of high quality cotton is low, the enthusiasm of cotton growers will not be mobilized.

The low degree of mechanization is also a major factor affecting the quality of domestic cotton. Most of China's cotton depends on artificial picking. The mixing of foreign fibers such as silk and hair is unavoidable. It is difficult to remove textile processing, resulting in uneven dyeing and broken ends. It not only affects the quality of cotton yarn and cloth, but also increases the cost of subsequent picking. "Artificial selection of" three silk "will cost 300 yuan to 500 yuan per kilogram of cotton. Gao Fang introduced that, in addition to the Xinjiang production and Construction Corps in the cotton producing area of Xinjiang, other cotton picking almost entirely depends on manpower, and the cost of manual picking up to 1 kilograms is 2 yuan, which accounts for the big price of cotton. Cheng Guoqiang, a researcher at the State Council Development Research Center, told reporters that the cost of domestic cotton labor now accounts for 62% of the total cost and only 4% of the total cost in the United States.

The high cost of planting leads to the lack of competitiveness of domestic cotton. Cai Yajun, chairman of Hubei Yinfeng Industrial limited liability company, said that after the cancellation of the cotton temporary storage, the price went on the market. The lint was reduced from 13 thousand to 16 thousand yuan per ton in 2013 to about 12 thousand yuan, but it still stands almost 1000 yuan higher than the foreign cotton price per ton, and the purchasing power of the processing enterprise is still not small.

The purchasing price is high, and the downstream processing market is also lack of kinetic energy. Because of the global economic downturn and weak market demand, many cotton processing enterprises have had a "cold winter" in recent years, overcapacity, and many shut down. In 2015, only 400 qualified processing enterprises qualified by Xinjiang had 815 or 1069 production lines. Processing capacity was nearly two times that of cotton production. Xiao Yuqing, President of the Xinjiang Cotton Association, said: "enterprises can't produce economies of scale if they don't have enough to eat. In order to compete for resources, many enterprises will inevitably affect quality if they are mixed with other mixed acquisitions."

　　 The key is brand promotion.

The textile market is in the doldrums, and consumers' demand for product quality, brand and safety is improving. Luo Lin, deputy director of the China national supply and Marketing Cooperative Council, believes that it is necessary to reduce inefficient and low-end supply and expand effective and high-end supply to meet the demand. The key is to improve the quality and efficiency of cotton production.

Quality is the short board of China's cotton industry. How to improve quality and make up short board? Cheng Guoqiang believes that policy guidance is very important. At present, cotton supply and demand dislocation, in fact, indicates that when the policy comes to the tune, the most important thing is to adjust the price policy.

Cotton target price reform in Xinjiang pilot provides samples. Since 2014, the state has implemented the pilot project of cotton target price reform in Xinjiang, changing cotton subsidies to subsidize cotton farmers according to the volume of trade, so that cotton prices can return to the market, which not only protects the interests of cotton farmers, but also effectively adjusts the production structure and improves the overall quality of cotton. "Subsidies in the past cost a lot of money, but failed to achieve their due purpose. Instead, they made domestic cotton enter the warehouse and foreign cotton entered the market. The present policy improves efficiency and improves the welfare of the whole society. Cheng Guoqiang said.

Promoting the upgrading of domestic cotton brands is an important starting point for industrial transformation and upgrading. "Brand building is the implementation of brand strategy, which helps to solve the predicament of high cost and low premium for cotton products." Luo Lin said that in 2010, the China Cotton Association registered the "China cotton" quality certification mark. Through organizing promotional activities, training, network and media publicity, it advocated the idea of "homemade, high quality, pure cotton and environmental protection" and pursued the "hard work" of China cotton, promoting quality and efficiency of the industry and promoting domestic cotton consumption.