Shrinkage Of Cotton Growing Area Makes Henan Cotton Textile Industry Suffer From Impact.

< p > Henan province is a famous gathering place in China's "a target=" _blank "href=" //www.sjfzxm.com/ "textile" /a "industry, and also a large province of cotton cultivation.

Seven Li Ying Village in Xinxiang County of Henan is a famous cotton village in China. In 1958, Chairman Mao went to the countryside for 3 times to investigate cotton cultivation.

Chairman Mao was wearing a white shirt and straw hat and leaned over to look at the image of cotton bolls. He was statues standing at the place where he stood. But now the statue is surrounded by wheat, corn and sporadic cotton.

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< p > < a > href= > //www.sjfzxm.com/news/index_c.asp > cotton > /a > area decline, low income is the main reason.

Although cotton farmers feel that they do not make money for cotton production, cotton spinning enterprises, which are the main cotton consuming party, still feel that the cost of domestic cotton raw materials is too high. The domestic cotton price in China is 4000 yuan higher than that of foreign cotton ~6000 yuan / ton.

Because of the high cost of production, China's cotton textile enterprises, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, have a very low profit margin, and their profit margins have been as low as 3% or even below. They have been bearing great pressure on the fluctuation of cotton raw material prices.

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< p > < strong > planting area shrank sharply < /strong > < /p >

< p > cotton occupies an important position in the development of Henan's economy, but in the past 30 years, the cotton planting area in Henan has shrunk dramatically.

In 1978, 9 million 180 thousand mu of cotton was planted, reaching 18 million 720 thousand mu in 1992, and 7 million 10 thousand mu in 2010, which has dropped to the lowest point in history.

The cotton planting area is still decreasing this year. According to the cotton planting intention survey conducted by Henan cotton association to Shangqiu, Nanyang, Puyang and other main cotton producing areas, the cotton planting area decreased by about 8% compared with last year.

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< p > according to the investigation team of Nanyang price and cost jointly with Dengzhou, Xinye and Nanzhao 3 counties, 49 special survey households were investigated.

The farmers' planting intention showed a trend of "one increase one minus", that is, the planting area of grain grew differently, and the planting area of economic crops decreased.

On the whole, "market price, benefit agriculture policy and production benefit" dominate farmers' planting orientation.

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< p > cotton yield is low, which is the main reason for the shrinkage of cotton.

< a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com/news/" > cotton production < /a > seedlings, thinning, watering, fertilizing, pruning, medicine spraying, topping, picking flowers, breaking flowers and drying flowers are all done by manpower, with a long cycle and strong labor intensity.

A cotton grower counted off an account. Each mu of cotton needed more than 500 yuan for seed, fertilizer, pesticide and irrigation. The net income of total income was 1000 yuan after deducting the cost.

Working in 7 months is better than earning a month off work.

The price of grain and cotton is unreasonable, grain income is increased, the income of seed cotton is reduced, and farmers are unwilling to grow cotton.

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< p > cotton planting needs more labor force, but now the rural labor force has shifted to the cities in large numbers, and the rural labor force is very scarce.

At present, most of the cotton producers in Henan are elderly, women and frail and sick people. It is difficult to meet the needs of high-yield cultivation and field management of cotton.

And cotton market operation is not standardized, the county level cotton and cotton company basically does not accept cotton, rely on small traders to buy, pressing down the price of the phenomenon occurred frequently, disrupted the market order, dampened the enthusiasm of cotton farmers.

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< p > cotton growers should not only bear the risk of price fluctuation in the cotton market, but also be affected by natural disasters and weather.

In the important stage of cotton growth, once the weather is bad, cotton will greatly reduce production, and the quality will also drop. Cotton growers will suffer heavy losses and seriously affect the planting area next year.

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< p > < strong > the contradiction between supply and demand tends to be sharp > /strong > /p >

< p > the eastern Henan Plain (Zhumadian, Henan, Zhoukou, Shangqiu, etc.) had a good geographical advantage, < a href= "//www.sjfzxm.com/news/" > cotton production < /a > once ranked the forefront of the province.

The strong supply capability of cotton has led to the vigorous development of cotton trading market and ginning plant in Minquan county.

There was once a cotton purchasing enterprise boss in Minquan County, who was promoted to be a county government cadre because of the excellent performance of cotton purchase.

Today, most cotton purchasing plants and ginning plants in the county are forced to close because they do not have cotton resources.

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< p > Henan is a major textile province. Its main characteristics are cotton spinning. The output value of cotton textile accounts for 70% of the total industrial output value of the textile industry in the province. The annual output of cotton yarn is 4 million 650 thousand tons, of which pure cotton yarn accounts for 95% of the total yarn output.

Cotton output ranks second in the country, and it needs about 2 million 800 thousand tons of cotton per year.

With the further development of Henan's textile industry, the demand for cotton will be bigger and bigger, while the cotton planting area will decrease year by year, and the contradiction between supply and demand of cotton will become more acute.

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< p > according to the Cotton Subsidy in the whole province, the cotton planting area is about 5 million mu, and the annual output of cotton is about 320 thousand tons, which can only meet 11% of the cotton used in the whole province.

Obviously, cotton production in Henan is far from the demand for cotton spinning.

Its 89% cotton gap can only be supplemented by Xinjiang cotton, imported cotton and national cotton reserves.

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< p > cotton growers, cotton cooperatives, cotton processing enterprises and cotton textile enterprises, whether they grow cotton or cotton, all hope that the cotton resources will be stable and the price is relatively reasonable.

Cotton enterprises want cotton more and cheaper. Cotton farmers want cotton to bring good economic benefits, but it is not easy to balance cotton and cotton.

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< p > < strong > policy support is still the key < /strong > < /p >

< p > Liu Kaisan is known as "cotton king" in five Li Yang village of Shangqiu.

For 15 years, he persisted in intensive farming and ingenious planting of cotton.

According to him, 670 households in five Li Yang village and more than 2600 people earn an average annual income of more than 5000 yuan, of which 40% of the cotton yield is planted.

Yang Zhiping, Secretary of the Party branch of the five Li Yang village and chief of the village Cotton Professional Association, pointed out the preferential policies that Shangqiu Galaxy cotton gave them: free supply of cotton seeds; subsidy of 200 yuan per ton of compound fertilizer; free provision of technical services; signing of the purchase contract; when the market price was higher than the same protective price, it was purchased at market price; 1 wells per dozen, subsidized 1000 yuan.

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< p > Galaxy cotton industry has established a cotton professional cooperative and jointly established a new mode of "company + peasant household".

They have developed to 21 cotton specialized cooperatives such as five Li Yang in the whole region, with cotton orders reaching 296 thousand mu, involving 120 thousand cotton farmers.

Through the purchase of orders and protective prices for professional cotton, cotton growers increased by 292 yuan per mu, and the whole area increased by 86 million 430 thousand yuan, making cotton a pillar industry for cotton farmers and driving the development of related industries.

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< p > "but not for two years.

The cotton market is fluctuating, and cotton farmers are too fond of planting cotton to make less money, and the planting area is also decreasing.

Yan Defu, chairman of Shangqiu Galaxy cotton industry, is deeply disturbed.

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< p > cotton planting in China is mostly based on family and household planting mode, making it difficult for cotton cultivation to realize intensive and large-scale planting. Although the mode of cotton cooperatives is very successful in a sense, in the interview, the reporter felt that most of cotton farmers still put their hopes on the support of national policies.

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< p > in cotton growers, raising the voice of "a href=" //www.sjfzxm.com > Cotton Subsidy > /a > is very high because the current cotton purchase and storage policy has not played a real role in protecting the interests of cotton farmers.

The current policy of subsidized cotton per mu is 15 yuan, which is not enough to mobilize cotton farmers' enthusiasm for planting cotton.

They hope that the state will pmit cotton policies, resource conditions and supply and demand information in a variety of ways, reduce blindness in planting, and enable farmers to "raise their land" instead of looking at last year's market and planting this year's farmland.

It is hoped that the cotton technology department will establish and perfect the seed introduction, demonstration and extension system, and strengthen the management of cotton seed market.

Especially in recent years, the cotton seed market is rather chaotic, and the cotton varieties are mixed.

Only a few dozen cotton seeds are sold on the market in spring every year in Xinye county. Most of the seeds are not suitable for planting locally. Their ability to resist disasters is not strong, and the harvest is also very poor, which has a serious impact on cotton production.

In addition, cotton farmers hope to hold more technical lectures, carry out technology activities in rural areas, help cotton farmers improve their cotton planting technology, and promote the improvement of cotton production and quality.

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