China Cotton Association Unscramble New National Standard Of Cotton And Explore New Prospects For Market Development

First, the background of the reform of cotton national standard.

In September 2003, the State Council approved the "cotton quality inspection system reform plan" (hereinafter referred to as the "plan").

The plan clearly puts forward that we should strive to take five years or so to adopt a scientific, unified and standardized cotton inspection technology standard system in the world, and carry out an authoritative and universal inspection of the cotton processing links.

The quality inspection system, and explicitly request the development of the national cotton color characteristic map and its application software, and formulate the cotton quality standard and relevant technical specifications suitable for instrumental inspection.

In the implementation of the quality inspection system reform, the cotton national standard has made two major amendments. In 2007, it was approved by the AQSIQ and the national standard committee, and the national standard of GB1103-2007 "cotton fine staple cotton" was issued.

The standard increased the physical parameters such as length and length uniformity by HVI test, but still retained the grade index of cotton.

Because HVI can achieve the test of length and length uniformity, and can not check the grade of cotton, the cotton quality inspection system reform has not yet achieved the goal of cotton quality testing.

In order to further promote the reform of the cotton quality inspection system and achieve the comprehensive instrumental examination of cotton quality indicators as soon as possible, and speed up the integration with the international cotton quality indicators, it is urgent to introduce the color grading index of cotton.

However, it is a very complicated and difficult system engineering to reform the grade index and launch a brand-new color level index to meet the requirements of instrumental inspection.

For this reason, the relevant departments have carried out a lot of research work.

Since 2004, the China Fiber Inspection Bureau has launched the research on the color grading system of cotton, collected representative cotton samples from different cotton regions in China, made the color level physical standard and the physical standard of mill quality, and established the color grading map.

In the 2008, 2009 and 2010 cotton year, cotton color verification experiments were carried out in the production, purchase, processing, inspection and utilization links, and the color grading system was revised and perfected.

2011 in the cotton year, the cotton color test was carried out in the above links, and the pilot work of grade examination was abolished. Good results have been achieved.

In 2010, the national cotton working teleconference held clearly that "we must pay close attention to the introduction of the national cotton quality standard for the comprehensive adoption of the instrumental quality index system". In order to implement the spirit of the teleconference of the national cotton work in 2010, the relevant departments of Commerce have speeded up the revision process of the cotton national standard in 2011-2012 years.

The National Standardization Committee issued the newly revised cotton national standard in November 21, 2012, and implemented it from the 2013 cotton year (September 1, 2013).

Two. A brief review of previous revision of standards

Since 1972, the national standard of cotton (fine cotton) has been carried out for the first time in China. Three amendments have been carried out so far, and each revision is carried out under the support of specific economic background, reform requirements and scientific and technological level.

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In the process of reform, the first cotton national standard promulgated after the founding of the people's Republic of China is the national standard of cotton (fine cotton), which was promulgated and implemented by 1972. Under the restriction of the scientific and technological level at that time, the main feature of the standard was the sensory inspection, which was simple and quick, and played a positive role in the production, purchase, processing, circulation and use of cotton in China.

With the development of China's cotton industry and the deepening of the reform of the cotton distribution system, in 1998, the State Council put forward a decision to deepen the reform of the cotton circulation system. It explicitly proposed to speed up the reform of the national standard of cotton, and the specific measures were taken by the state economic and Trade Commission and the state quality and Technical Supervision Bureau to organize the relevant departments to make the trial in the year of 1999 cotton.

In the revision of the standards in 1999, the departments concerned proposed that the length of cotton should be changed from 2mm classification to 1mm classification, and the standard moisture content of cotton should be changed to 10%, and the moisture regain rate was 8.5%.

The revision of this standard introduced the public fixed weight, which reflected the fair trade in cotton weight test, the introduction of the micron index, also increased the physical performance index of the quantitative test, and achieved a breakthrough from sensory test to instrument test.

The revision of the standards in 2007 is to meet the needs of the reform of quality inspection system.

At that time, China has completed a number of cotton processing enterprises technological renovation, the establishment of a number of cotton inspection laboratory system, the acquisition of a certain number of HVI instruments, and accumulated a certain amount of cotton inspection data.

All these provide objective conditions and technical support for revising cotton standard in China and incorporating cotton instrument test index into the standard system.

The revision of this standard has made a major revision to the length index, and unified the hand pull size test to the upper half average length of the HVI test.

The cotton quality indexes, such as length, length uniformity, breaking ratio strength, which are suitable for HVI inspection, have been added.

A cotton standard, which is suitable for both sensory examination and instrumental examination, is established, which conforms to China's national conditions and reflects international standards.

Three. Why are the new standards divided into GB1103.1 and GB1103.2?

In view of the two different processing methods of cotton fine staple cotton, such as sawtooth processing and roller processing, the current color grading system of cotton is built on the basis of zigzag fine cotton. It is not suitable for the requirement of the roller roller cotton inspection.

Taking into account the retention of grade and color quality indicators in a standard, it is not conducive to abolishing grade indicators, but also leads to confusion in standard style and content.

Therefore, the GB1103 standard is revised to 2 parts, namely, GB1103.1-2012 "first parts of cotton: sawtooth processed fine cotton" and GB1103.2-2012 "cotton second parts: roller processing fine pile cotton". Among them, the toothed grading cotton is classified by color grading index system, and the roller roller processing fine staple cotton still maintains the grade index system.

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Four. Main contents of the new standard

The main revision of GB1103.1 includes 19 aspects.

It involves grade, length, requirement of foreign fiber content, sampling rule, inspection method, inspection order, group approval rule, inspection certificate and so on.

The core content is to reform cotton grading index.

The cotton grade is determined by the color characteristics, maturity and quality of the mill. It is the main index of the current cotton trade price. It has been implemented for 40 years.

Studies have shown that HVI can not test cotton grade, but can reflect the reflectance and yellow index of cotton color characteristics, and test the micron value of cotton maturity.

Therefore, the idea of this standard to reform the grade indicators is to split the three conditions of grade indicators, replacing the color level, the micron value, the breaking strength and the quality of the rolling mill.

According to the degree of shade and yellow depth of cotton, color grades are divided into four types: white cotton, light spotted cotton, light yellow cotton and yellow cotton, with a total of 13 color grades.

White cotton grade three is color grade standard grade.

The quality of rolling mill is divided into three grades: good, medium and poor according to the roughness of the appearance and the degree of defects.

In order to meet the needs of the national conditions, the national standards are made for the color level and the quality of the rolling mill respectively, so as to meet the needs of organoleptic inspection in the acquisition and spot trading of agricultural products.

The increase of these contents not only adapted to the needs of the reform of cotton inspection system, made our cotton standard level and inspection technology significantly improved, but also paid more attention to the internal quality of cotton, and basically achieved the integration with international standards in the setting of quality indicators, and also reflected the Chinese characteristics.

Specifically, GB1103.1-2012, the first part of cotton: sawtooth processed fine staple cotton, compared with GB1103-2007, the main technical changes are as follows:

Abolished the grade, increased the color level, the quality index of the rolling mill and the testing method.

- modify the color feature level to color level.

- the definition of "white cotton, light polluted cotton, light yellow cotton, yellow cotton, main color level and rolling quality" has been added.

- increased color level division, color grading diagram and color level physical standard.

- increased the sensory examination of color level test and the content of the test of large capacity fast cotton fiber tester (hereinafter referred to as "fiber fast tester").

It has increased the quality classification of rolling mill, the quality grading condition of rolling mill, the quality reference index of rolling mill and the physical standard of mill quality.

To increase the quality of rolling mill, take the content of sensory examination.

Revised the definition of "public fixed weight".

- the definition and calculation method of "quasi weight and seed cotton quasi weight linen percentage" were deleted.

- modify the quality inspection and weight test of foreskin cotton to separate sampling, inspection and certification.

The number of seed cotton samples has been revised.

- sampling the lint slideway as a sampling for pre package inspection.

- cancelled the inspection of impurity rate according to the inspection unit during package inspection.

When the micron value was checked according to GB/T 6498, 30% of the batch sample was randomly selected as a micron value test sample to be modified to test the micron value for the batch sample.

- revised items, inspection sequence and batch rules of seed cotton and cotton covered cotton.

The quality marks of cotton according to the batch inspection shall be revised to be marked in accordance with the order of "cotton main color, length and main micron".

Modified the range of the foreign fiber content of the foreskin cotton.

- increased the "breaking strength ratio, length uniformity index" sub code.

Abolition of the "six or seven grade cotton length according to 25 millimeters, recorded as 25.0mm" restrictions.

For details of the new standard, please contact the publishing department for purchase.

Five, challenges brought about by the implementation of the new standards

First, we should re formulate trade settlement system.

Current domestic

Settlement, especially the setting of settlement index system, is mainly grade, length and micron value. These indicators have long been formed by the market through a set of prevailing trade pricing rules.

However, the newly revised cotton national standard GB1103.1 (sawtooth processed fine cotton) changed the cotton quality evaluation index from grade to color grade, and added 3 indexes, namely, the quality grading of the rolling mill, the grading of the breaking strength and the regularity of the length.

Because there is no one-to-one correspondence between the grade in the old standard and the color level in the new standard, how to carry out trade settlement according to the results of the new standard is an urgent problem to be solved.

Therefore, the implementation of the new standard will overturn the original trade settlement system.

The original settlement system based on grade based trade rules, especially the price difference of quality, can no longer meet the requirements of the new situation and needs to be reformulated.

Two is to change the concept of cotton classification.

Cotton grade inspection has been implemented for 40 years. In the cotton grading staff, the concept of grade is deep-rooted.

After the formal implementation of the new standard, the processing level is fully instrumented.

Because of the different concept of grade and color level, the cotton grading personnel who are used to check the grade and how to carry out the color grade test of cotton need to change their concept. This will directly affect the effect of implementing the grading system of cotton color.